Representative actions may be either domestic actions or cross-border actions.
A domestic action is an action brought by a qualified entity in the state in which it is domiciled (e.g. a qualified entity with its registered office in Poland, entered in the register kept by the President of the Office for Competition and Consumer Protection, brings an action before a Polish court).
A cross-border action is an action brought by a qualified entity authorized in a Member State other than that in which it is domiciled (e.g. a qualified entity with its registered office in Poland, entered on the list kept by the European Commission, brings an action before a German court). Only qualified entities included in the list maintained by the European Commission may bring cross-border actions.