Romania
| Implementation of Directive 2020/1828 |
| Implementing act |
The act implementing the Directive entered into force on 21st December 2023 |
| Type of procedure and model |
Class action; opt-in model – within 30 days of filing the action, the qualified entity should ask the injured parties for their written consent to include their claims in the proceedings. |
| Entity authorized to bring an action |
Consumer associations, public authorities; in certain cases, a qualified entity may be appointed on an ad hoc basis. |
| Third-party financing |
Admissible (explicitly permitted by the implementing act) with restrictions concerning the avoidance of conflicts of interest; the qualified entity is required to inform the court of the sources of funding. |
| Facilities for consumers |
No requirement for numerosity of the group; consumers are generally exempt from bearing the costs of the proceedings. Exceptionally, if they are charged with these costs, the costs may be distributed either proportionally or jointly, depending on the position of consumers in the proceedings or the nature of their legal relationship. |
| Other comments |
The introduced solutions differ significantly from previous regulations on collective redress. |
Update: February/March 2025
